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New Concept in Power Quality Survey
The M4000 series brings revolution to your
power. It stores all information all the time.
The waveform of every cycle is continuously
stored in onboard memory for more than a year at
high accuracy, allowing no gaps in data
recording. In addition, a unique time
synchronization algorithm assures that data from
multiple locations is synchronized and displayed
on the same time scale. The result is that every
anomaly can be accurately analyzed and its
source can be pinpointed definitively. Since all
data is stored continuously and accurately over
a long period of time, the M4000 is much
more than an analysis device, but rather a ful-fledged
power quality data center.
The main objective of power quality
troubleshooting engineers is to identify the
source of an event or potential failure, and
determine the required corrective action. When
performing troubleshooting procedures, there is
always a lack of information; data between
events, events that occurred below pre-set
thresholds, data from other locations, and other
un-recorded parameters. The lacking information
is due to the traditional logging concept of
long periods and short events. As a result, in
most cases it is only possible to monitor the
event without identifying its source. More
importantly, it is virtually impossible to
determine what needs to be done to prevent
reoccurrence of the problem.
How does it work?
Patent-pendig PQZip compression technology with
a typical 1000:1 compression ratio allows
virtually unlimited onboard data storage. The
data is stored in its raw format (waveforms),
allowing all possible parameters to be
calculated from this information. The available
parameters include all usual parameters such as
RMS voltages, currents, powers and harmonics,
and also grid or electrical network impedances.
By analyzing the impedances, it is possible to
investigate the root of the phenomenon and not
only its consequences.
A unique time synchronization algorithm assures
that measurements from different locations are
synchronized. By analyzing multiple locations
with high time accuracy, the exact propagation
of the anomaly can be monitored and analyzed.
What
Makes it so Unique?
The M4000 series is much more than a Power
Quality Analyzer; it is a 4th generation Power
Quality Center.
1st Generation:
Simple power meters without memory, whether
analog or digital
2nd Generation:
Data loggers that provide periodic data logging
3rd Generation:
Power Quality Analyzers that allow logging of
partial information
according to pre-defined thresholds
4th Generation:
Power Quality Date Centers that stores all
required data every
cycle for more than a year
While 3rd Generation equipment can tell what
happened and when (e.g., a voltage sag of X% at
locations Y at time Z), Power Quality Data
Centers tell why it happened and what the source
of the problem is. Using these 4th Generation
devices will allow the power quality engineer to
perform corrective action to prevent the problem
from reoccurring.
It thresholds are still desired, no longer is
there guess-work involved in advance ... Rather,
simply use post-processing thresholds. When data
logging is completed, simply select the suitable
thresholds to obtain the necessary data from an
event.
To accurately analyze an event when using 3rd
Generation event-based meters, each of the
following would need to occur:
.
ALL meters in the network detect the event
and record it
And
ALL meters have the required amount of
memory
And
ALL possible parameters are recorded and
event thresholds set correctly
And
ALL meters are time-synchronized in micro
seconds resolution
And
The analysis software used can analyze ALL
of the above simultaneously
Unfortunately, usually at least one of the above
items does NOT happen, making it impossible to
correctly analyze events. Even in cases where an
educated guess may provide the answer, it is
usually NOT definite enough to drive expensive
correction actions.
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The Solution
The M4000 series includes:
M4400 - Power Quality Data Centers
M4100 - Remote monitors/displays
(optional)
PQSCADA - Central analysis software
M4400 are installed at key measurement
points along the grid or electrical network, and
data is logged continuously during every cycle
of the network at up to 1,024 samples per cycle
and stored for more than a year in the internal
memory of each M4400. The data can be
gathered periodically via computer using PQSCADA
software for detailed analysis.
The M4000 series features a unique time
synchronization algorithm that allows
synchronization between devices connected on the
same LAN with typical accuracy of 100 micro
seconds.
Typical Configurations
To serve the variety of electrical networks
serving industrial, commercial and utility
applications, implementation of the M4000
series Power Quality Data Center system is
customized to meet all designated site and
system.
Typical Configurations for Energy Consumers
Energy consumers bear the majority of the costs
derived from poor power quality, so they have
the highest incentive to install M4000
series devices throughout their facilities to
detect anomalies and prevent their reoccurrence
through analysis.
Both industrial and commercial facilities
utilize the M4000 technology by installing
it at the main service entrance on both sides of
their transformer(s). By installing the devices
in this manner, it is highly likely to identify
if the source of power anomalies are from inside
(the facility) or outside (the utility). If the
anomalies are being caused from inside the
facility, M4000 series devices are installed
near every potential problematic load, the
source of the anomaly can be easily isolated and
corrected.
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Typical Configuration for Energy Providers
Energy providers, which include generation,
transmission, and distribution companies, can
use M4000 technology to identify the sources
of power Quality anomalies.
Typically, generation companies install M4000 devices at generation outputs and at
various connection points to the grid and at
transformers throughout the distribution system.
By installing devices on each side of
transformers, it is possible to determine
sources of failure and losses, allowing
preventive maintenance by monitoring performance
trends. When significant amount of power quality
anomalies at the utility result form specific
consumer networks, it is advantages to install
M4000 series devices near each consumer
site, or at specific key problematic points
throughout the grid.
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Local and Remote Displays
M4100 Remote Displays represent the next
generation in power network information
exchange.
Various unprecedented setup configuration,
enabled over greater distances using Ethernet
infrastructure, can connect remote displays and
M4400 Power Quality Data Centers. To illustrate,
one remote display can monitor multiple Power
Quality Data Centers and one Data Center can be
monitored by multiple remote displays.
Display Capabilities
Various display capabilities of comprehensive
network measurement data.
Comprehensive Web Server for Remote Monitoring
The integral web server allows comprehensive
monitoring and control of the unit, with 3-level
user privileges and 128-bit SSL cryptographic
protocol. It includes tabular display screens,
graphical display and remote control and
configuration screens. By using an existing web
browser, the inconvenience of installing
dedicated software is avoided. Most operations
can be performed via the web server interface;
the screens are intuitive and easy to use. This
means that monitoring, managing and analyzing
network data can be performed using the web
interface.
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PQSCADA Power Quality Management Software (Enterprise Edition)
Innovative PQSCADA enterprise analysis software
enables operators to view, control, analyze, and
monitor multiple measurements devices
simultaneously. Data is accurately
time-synchronized within sites and across sites.
The practically unlimited amount of data,
collected from the M4400 devices, is processed
and analyzed by using the PQSCADA software. The
operator receives a comprehensive picture of
graphical system trends and time synchronized
power quality values from multiple devices on
same screen for status and anomaly
source-propagation analysis.
The softwares distributed architecture is
scalable and allows easy management of countless
local and remote measurement devices. The
scalability scheme supports physical expansions
and reflects the hierarchy of the components in
the electrical grid.
The architecture is built on nodes, sites and
enterprises:
Nodes are software components that directly
control measurement devices for collection,
storage, management, and ultimate analysis of
measurement data.
Nodes are grouped logically under sites which
serve as entry points for various applications
(internal and 3rd party) and provide a real-time
picture of all connected points for management
and configuration functions. Enterprises is the
umbrella site that comprises all sites provides
all-inclusive snapshots of the network (trends
and data).
Specifications
Measurement
Accuracy < 0.1%
Up to 1,024 samples per cycle
11 channels: 4 voltages, 4 currents, 3
temperature indicators
Simultaneous 11 channel sampling at 250 kHz
(4 micro sec)
Cycle-by-Cycle trends for all RMS values and
harmonics
Harmonics up to 511th, inter- and
sub-harmonics
Accurate measurement even with presence of
harmonics and at all measurement scale
Onboard auto temperature calibration
provides high accuracy in all temperature range.
Full scale readings 10x from nominal
voltages and currents at high accuracies
Onboard Data Logging
1+year, every cycle onboard logging of all
measurements at high accuracy
Patent-pending PQZip compression technology
with typical 1000:1 compress ratio
Solid-state standard off-the-shelf compact
flash storage, up to 8 GB
Standard Compliance
Standard compliance testing to EN 50160, and
others
2 simultaneous and parallel harmonic
computations: IEC 61000-4-30 and cycle-by-cycle
Voltage flickering according to IEC
61000-4-15 and unique fast flicker compatible
algorithm for real-time analysis
Connectivity
2 fast Ethernet ports (10/100 Mbit) with
Power over Ethernet (PoE) device and source
USB and RS-485/422 ports (2- and 4-wires, up
to 115,200 bps)
Conventional TCP/IP based data packaging
protocol, provides communication for traditional
TCP/IP supported
software
Comprehensive built-in web server for remote
monitoring using standard web browser
Integral OPC server for seamless connection
with SCADA systems
Mechnical Design and Expansion Option
Unlimited number of remote displays can be
connected to one M4400.
Unlimited number of M4400 can be
monitored by single remote display
No limit to the distance between the device
and remote display
Rear mounting; optional DIN rail mount
Standard Compact Flash (CF) expansion slot
Hardware expansions by stackable optional
modules
Power Supply
4 power supply sources with automatic
seamless change-over
Versatile AC power and DC voltages
Power Over Ethernet (PoE) allows both
reception and dispatch of power over the
Ethernet port
Up to 25 second ride-through at power loss
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Real-time
Measurements
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M4K M4410 |
M4K
M4420 |
M4K M4430 |
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Voltage/current: per phase, average,
unbalance
Power: real, reactive, apparent, power
factor,frequency
Energy: bi-directional, in, out, net, total
Demand: window, sliding window
Sampling rate, maximum
samples/cycle
Harmonics (individual, even, odd, total) up
to
Measurement according to IEC
61000-4-30
Cycle-by-cycle RMS, Frequency and
Harmonics
Measurement during overloading (from
nominal)
Type of Analog to Digital
Converter |
+
+
+
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256
125th
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x2
12bit |
+
+
+
+
512
255th
+
+
x10
16/20* bit |
+
+
+
+
1024
511st
+
+
x10
16/20* bit |
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Data and Waveforms Logs
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Cycle-by-cycle PQZIP logging
Event logs
Waveform logs
Min/max logs for any parameter
Timestamps, resolution in micro seconds
Typical synchronization accuracy
Internal Memory
Firmware limit for continuous data and waveform
Capture |
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+
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100
64MB
1 day |
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100
2GB
1 Month |
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100
8GB
Unlimited |
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Power Quality Analysis
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Sag/swell monitoring
Symmetrical components: zero, negative, positive
Transient detection, microseconds (50/60Hz)
Flicker (IEC 61000-4-15)
Fast Flickering
Compliance testing to EN50160
EN50160 Timestamps
Interharmonics |
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+
78/65
-
-
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-
- |
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39/32.5
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-
+
+
- |
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19.5/16
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+
+ |
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Communication Ports and I/O
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Ethernet Port/s
Power Over Ethernet (PoE) - in, out
RS-485/422 port
USB port
Compact Flash (CF) Expansion
Voltage Ride-Through on Power Loss
Onboard comprehensive WEB server
Onboard OPC (Open Connectivity) Server
OPC Gateway: other RS-485/422 accessible via OPC |
1
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-
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10 sec
+
-
- |
2
+
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+
25sec
+
+
+ |
2
+
+
+
+
25sec
+
+
+ |
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M4K M4400 Specifications
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M4K M4100 Specifications |
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Input channels:
10
Rated voltage:
800V (8kV for 10x range)
Power consumption:
Max 10 VA
Voltage inputs impedance:
> 3 Mohm
Current input burden:
0.08 VA
Dimensions (HxWxD):
230x137x172mm
Power Supply:
85~260VAC 50/60Hz
110-300VDC |
Dimensions (HxWxD): 197x200x46mm
Panel cutout:
135x135mm
Power Supply:
48VDC
PoE in
LED backlight
160x128 pixels Graphic screen
6 function buttons |
Up to 25 second
ride-through
1,024 samples per
cycle
Maximum distance to
Resolution
M4400 : unlimited
PQZIP typical 1000:1
compress ratio
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